Ever wonder how a massive aircraft actually backs up from the gate? Here is the thing: airplane engines cannot run backwards at all. Yet aircraft need to leave gates and parking spots somehow. A specialized tug vehicle is the answer to this problem. These tugs are incredibly strong, built purely for towing aircraft. The tug connects to the nose gear with a special towbar. Only the front wheel is connected; the rear wheels roll free. Now the tug simply backs up, dragging the entire aircraft with it. The pilot keeps hands off the controls during the tow. The tug operator communicates with ground control via radio. Marshals on the ground use hand signals to direct the tow. Once clear of the gate, the towbar is released and the tug backs away. The pilot starts the engines and taxis under their own power. So next time, remember: tugs are why planes never need to back up alone.
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